![]() ![]() In some parts of the world, it's common for people not to get enough iodine in their diets. Too much iodine can make hypothyroidism worse in people who already have the condition. Too little iodine can lead to hypothyroidism. Iodine is found mainly in seafood, seaweed, plants grown in iodine-rich soil and iodized salt. The thyroid gland needs the mineral iodine to make thyroid hormones. Hypothyroidism also can seriously affect the developing fetus. Preeclampsia causes a significant rise in blood pressure during the last three months of pregnancy. If hypothyroidism happens during pregnancy and isn't treated, it raises the risk of pregnancy loss, premature delivery and preeclampsia. Some people develop hypothyroidism during or after pregnancy. This is usually because of a noncancerous tumor of the pituitary gland. A relatively rare cause of hypothyroidism is the failure of the pituitary gland to make enough thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). That's one reason why most states require newborn thyroid screening. Often, infants born with hypothyroidism don't have noticeable symptoms at first. But some children have an inherited form of a thyroid disorder. In most cases, the reason the thyroid gland didn't develop properly is not clear. Some babies are born with a thyroid gland that doesn't work correctly. Less often, hypothyroidism may be caused by: If you're taking medicine, ask your heath care provider about its effect on the thyroid gland. One such medicine is lithium, which is used to treat some psychiatric disorders. A number of medicines may lead to hypothyroidism. Afterward, the thyroid becomes underactive. That causes a spike in thyroid activity, a condition called hyperthyroidism. Thyroiditis can trigger the thyroid to release all of its stored thyroid hormone at once. Or it can result from an autoimmune disorder or another medical condition affecting the thyroid. Thyroiditis happens when the thyroid gland becomes inflamed. Radiation used to treat cancers of the head and neck can affect the thyroid gland and lead to hypothyroidism. Surgery to remove all or part of the thyroid gland can lower the gland's ability to make thyroid hormones or stop it completely. Sometimes that process involves the thyroid gland and affects its ability to make hormones. Autoimmune diseases happen when the immune system makes antibodies that attack healthy tissues. The most common cause of hypothyroidism is an autoimmune disease called Hashimoto's disease. Conditions or problems that can lead to hypothyroidism include: Hypothyroidism happens when the thyroid gland doesn't make enough hormones. And they help control how much protein the body makes. They support the rate at which the body uses fats and carbohydrates. These hormones affect every cell in the body. The thyroid gland makes two main hormones: thyroxine (T-4) and triiodothyronine (T-3). ![]() The thyroid is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located at the base of the neck, just below the Adam's apple. Over time, you may need checkups so that your health care provider can monitor your condition and medicine. At first, you may need regular appointments to make sure you're receiving the right dose of medicine. If you're taking thyroid hormone medicine for hypothyroidism, follow your health care provider's advice on how often you need medical appointments. See your health care provider if you're feeling tired for no reason or if you have other symptoms of hypothyroidism.
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